Daily feed · SEC Form 4 filings

Stock options and other derivative activity — Jan 22, 2019

Table II activity from Forms 3/4/5: option exercises, awards, grants, conversions and expirations.

243 filings · trading day Jan 22, 2019Download CSV Quotes for these symbols ↗

Trade	Reported (ET)	Company	Insider	Shares	Avg price	Total	Owned after	Δ stake	Flags
Dec 6, 2013 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2019, 3:42 pm EST	SECURITY NATIONAL FINANCIAL CORPSNFCA	Scott M QuistChrmn of Board; Pres; CEO, Director, 10% Owner	598,853	$5.39	$3,230,777	70,000	—	late
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:45 pm EST	Mastech Digital, Inc.MHH	John J. CroninChief Financial Officer	55,000	$6.79	$373,450	55,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:50 pm EST	Mastech Digital, Inc.MHH	Vivek GuptaPresident and CEO, Director	50,000	$6.79	$339,500	50,000	—
Jan 15, 2019 AForm 4/A →	Jan 18, 5:46 pm EST	BJs RESTAURANTS INCBJRI	Brian S KrakowerChief Information Officer	3,711	$53.22	$197,499	3,711	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:25 pm EST	SIMMONS FIRST NATIONAL CORPSFNC	Robert A FehlmanSEVP, CFO & Treasurer	1,576	$26.43	$41,654	1,576	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 8:13 pm EST	SIMMONS FIRST NATIONAL CORPSFNC	Marty CasteelSEVP	1,576	$26.43	$41,654	1,576	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:37 pm EST	INTUIT INCINTU	Richard L DalzellDirector	1,358	$213.87	$30,583	143	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:36 pm EST	INTUIT INCINTU	Eve B BurtonDirector	1,352	$213.87	$29,300	137	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:26 pm EST	FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP INCFMBI	Thomas Lynn BrownDirector	1,293	$21.85	$28,252	9,455	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:52 pm EST	INTUIT INCINTU	Thomas J SzkutakDirector	1,331	$213.87	$24,809	116	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:36 pm EST	SIMMONS FIRST NATIONAL CORPSFNC	Stephen C MassanelliEVP	839	$26.43	$22,175	839	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 11:48 am EST	ASSOCIATED BANC-CORPASB	Richard T LommenDirector	991	$21.44	$21,250	78,557	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:34 pm EST	SIMMONS FIRST NATIONAL CORPSFNC	Patrick A BurrowEVP, Gen. Counsel & Secretary	764	$26.43	$20,193	764	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 11:51 am EST	ASSOCIATED BANC-CORPASB	Robert A JeffeDirector	875	$21.44	$18,750	16,385	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:21 pm EST	SIMMONS FIRST NATIONAL CORPSFNC	Paul D KannemanEVP	708	$26.43	$18,712	708	—
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 3:26 pm EST	SIMMONS FIRST NATIONAL CORPSFNC	Paul D KannemanEVP	706	$26.48	$18,695	1,438	—	amended
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:27 pm EST	SIMMONS FIRST NATIONAL CORPSFNC	Jennifer Brynn ComptonEVP	699	$26.43	$18,475	699	—
Jan 16, 2019 XForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:12 pm EST	FRANKLIN FINANCIAL SERVICES CORP /PA/FRAF	Lise M ShehanOther	825	$22.05	$18,191	5,100	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:19 pm EST	WILEY JOHN & SONS, INC.JWA/JWB	William B PlummerDirector	331	$51.25	$16,963	51,734	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:41 pm EST	FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP INCFMBI	Phupinder GillDirector	692	$21.85	$15,120	26,407	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:06 pm EST	FIRST MIDWEST BANCORP INCFMBI	Stephen C Van ArsdellDirector	686	$21.85	$14,989	4,725	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:23 pm EST	SIMMONS FIRST NATIONAL CORPSFNC	David W GarnerEVP, Controller & CAO	514	$26.43	$13,585	514	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 12:02 pm EST	ESCO TECHNOLOGIES INCESE	Leon J OlivierDirector	29	$65.98	$1,946	24,353	—
Jan 17, 2019 JForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2:46 pm EST	BARINGS CORPORATE INVESTORSMCI	Robert Mark ShettleOther	107	$15.34	$1,644	7,797	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 12:15 pm EST	ESCO TECHNOLOGIES INCESE	James M StolzeDirector	23	$65.98	$1,500	18,767	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 12:07 pm EST	ESCO TECHNOLOGIES INCESE	Robert J PhillippyDirector	23	$65.98	$1,489	18,634	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 11:56 am EST	ESCO TECHNOLOGIES INCESE	Patrick M DewarDirector	10	$65.98	$676	8,463	—
Jan 17, 2019 JForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2:45 pm EST	BARINGS CORPORATE INVESTORSMCI	Janice BishopOther	34	$15.34	$522	10,734	—
Jan 17, 2019 JForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2:45 pm EST	BARINGS CORPORATE INVESTORSMCI	Stephen JarvisOther	11	$15.34	$173	23	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:05 am EST	WORTHINGTON INDUSTRIES INCWOR	Joseph B HayekVP and CFO	2	$38.27	$77	868	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:00 pm EST	Eclipse Resources CorpECR	Todd BartVP & Chief Accounting Officer	8,354	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:01 pm EST	Eclipse Resources CorpECR	Oleg E TolmachevEVP & COO	31,670	—	—	0	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:03 pm EST	BIOCRYST PHARMACEUTICALS INCBCRX	Lynne PowellSenior VP - CCO	3,046	—	—	93,427	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:03 pm EST	bluebird bio, Inc.BLUE	Philip D GregoryChief Scientific Officer	1,400	—	—	29,900	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:06 pm EST	bluebird bio, Inc.BLUE	Jeffrey T. WalshChief Financial	3,000	—	—	17,521	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:07 pm EST	UNITED THERAPEUTICS CorpUTHR	Paul A MahonEVP & General Counsel	6,000	—	—	18,500	—
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:09 pm EST	Verisk Analytics, Inc.VRSK	Vincent de P. McCarthyGroup President	3,090	—	—	28,953	—
Jan 17, 2019 CForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:10 pm EST	MongoDB, Inc.MDB	Kevin P RyanDirector	24,000	—	—	954,166	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:12 pm EST	NovoCure LtdNVCR	Todd Christopher LongsworthGeneral Counsel	15,000	—	—	181,547	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:13 pm EST	Deciphera Pharmaceuticals, Inc.DCPH	Daniel Lee FlynnChief Scientific Officer	152,629	—	—	472,678	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:13 pm EST	NovoCure LtdNVCR	Eilon D. KirsonChief Science Officer	168,813	—	—	66,522	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:15 pm EST	NovoCure LtdNVCR	Asaf DanzigerChief Executive Officer, Director	200,000	—	—	46,863	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:17 pm EST	Cellectar Biosciences, Inc.CLRB	James V CarusoPresident and CEO, Director	75,000	—	—	75,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:17 pm EST	NovoCure LtdNVCR	Pritesh ShahChief Commercial Officer	25,000	—	—	37,500	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:17 pm EST	Cellectar Biosciences, Inc.CLRB	Brian M PosnerChief Financial Officer	30,000	—	—	30,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:18 pm EST	Cellectar Biosciences, Inc.CLRB	Jarrod LongcorChief Business Officer	30,000	—	—	30,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:18 pm EST	VERTEX PHARMACEUTICALS INC / MAVRTX	Paul M SilvaSVP & Corp Controller	3,007	—	—	5,157	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:19 pm EST	NovoCure LtdNVCR	Gabriel LeungDirector	20,000	—	—	124,743	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:22 pm EST	CARMAX INCKMX	William R TiefelDirector	4,897	—	—	0	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:30 pm EST	EASTMAN KODAK COKODK	Roger W. ByrdGeneral Counsel, Sec., SVP	146,379	—	—	89,744	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:30 pm EST	Coupa Software IncCOUP	Todd R FordChief Financial Officer	12,500	—	—	87,399	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:30 pm EST	Coupa Software IncCOUP	Robert BernshteynChief Executive Officer, Director	63,225	—	—	542,395	—
Jan 14, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:30 pm EST	ENZO BIOCHEM INCENZ	Barry W WeinerPres, CFO Prin Acct Ofcr Treas, Director	33,305	—	—	151,489	—	late
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:30 pm EST	Coupa Software IncCOUP	Mark RiggsChief Customer Officer	2,565	—	—	11,120	—
Jan 14, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:30 pm EST	ENZO BIOCHEM INCENZ	Gregory M. BortzDirector	64,286	—	—	175,346	—	late
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:30 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Dane E HolmesEVP, Global Head of HCM	6,781	—	—	6,781	—
Jan 14, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:30 pm EST	ENZO BIOCHEM INCENZ	Dov PerlyskyDirector	64,286	—	—	175,346	—	late
Jan 14, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:31 pm EST	ENZO BIOCHEM INCENZ	Elazar RabbaniChm of the Bd, CEO and Sec, Director	41,634	—	—	180,615	—	late
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:33 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Brian J LeePrincipal Accounting Officer	19,740	—	—	19,740	—
Jun 29, 2018 CForm 5 →	Jan 18, 2019, 4:34 pm EST	FRONTIER COMMUNICATIONS CORPFTR	Mark D NielsenEVP and Chief Legal Officer	1,000	—	—	0	—
Jan 16, 2019 OForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:35 pm EST	vTv Therapeutics Inc.VTVT	Ronald O Perelman10% Owner	1	—	—	1	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:36 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	John F.W. RogersEVP-Chief of Staff & Secretary	30,138	—	—	30,138	—
Jan 14, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:36 pm EST	Rubius Therapeutics, Inc.RUBY	Robert LangerDirector	7,500	—	—	142,500	—	late
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:37 pm EST	Tribune Publishing CoTPCO	Terry JimenezEVP/Chief Financial Officer	75,000	—	—	75,000	—
Jun 29, 2018 CForm 5 →	Jan 18, 2019, 4:38 pm EST	FRONTIER COMMUNICATIONS CORPFTR	Mark S ShapiroDirector	3,000	—	—	0	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:39 pm EST	Tribune Publishing CoTPCO	Timothy P KnightCEO & President	125,000	—	—	125,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:42 pm EST	Discovery, Inc.DISCA	David ZaslavChief Executive Officer & Pres, Director	2,668,518	—	—	1,355,954	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:44 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Karen Patton SeymourExecutive VP - General Counsel	21,334	—	—	21,334	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:45 pm EST	Five9, Inc.FIVN	Jonathan D. RosenbergChief Technology Officer	62,324	—	—	62,324	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:47 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Sarah G SmithEVP, Global Head of Compliance	27,124	—	—	27,124	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:50 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	M Michele BurnsDirector	2,512	—	—	20,253	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:51 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Drew G FaustDirector	1,256	—	—	1,256	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:55 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Mark A. FlahertyDirector	2,512	—	—	10,202	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:56 pm EST	Corbus Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc.CRBP	Sean F. MoranChief Financial Officer	195,000	—	—	195,000	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:57 pm EST	Corbus Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc.CRBP	Mark TepperPresident and CSO	195,000	—	—	195,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:57 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	William W GeorgeDirector	3,015	—	—	49,390	—
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:58 pm EST	WisdomTree Investments, Inc.WETF	Stuart BellChief Operating Officer	20,000	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:58 pm EST	AUTOZONE INCAZO	Richard Craig SmithSr. Vice President	1,500	—	—	0	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:58 pm EST	Corbus Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc.CRBP	Barbara WhiteChief Medical Officer	195,000	—	—	195,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:59 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	James A JohnsonDirector	2,889	—	—	47,194	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 4:59 pm EST	Corbus Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc.CRBP	Yuval CohenChief Executive Officer, Director	565,000	—	—	565,000	—
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:01 pm EST	REGENERON PHARMACEUTICALS INCREGN	Christopher R. FenimoreVP Controller	150	—	—	350	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:01 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Ellen Jamison KullmanDirector	2,889	—	—	5,390	—
Jan 14, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:02 pm EST	Paramount Group, Inc.PGRE	Gage R. JohnsonSVP, GC and Secretary	38,827	—	—	10,357	—	late
Jan 14, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:02 pm EST	Paramount Group, Inc.PGRE	Albert P. BehlerChairman, CEO and President, Director	317,357	—	—	176,655	—	late
Jan 14, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:03 pm EST	Paramount Group, Inc.PGRE	Wilbur N. PaesEVP, CFO and Treasurer	167,276	—	—	53,400	—	late
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:03 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Lakshmi N MittalDirector	2,889	—	—	30,260	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:05 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Adebayo O. OgunlesiDirector	3,015	—	—	19,814	—
Jan 14, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:06 pm EST	Paramount Group, Inc.PGRE	Peter R.C. BrindleyEVP, Leasing	96,285	—	—	19,418	—	late
Jan 14, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:07 pm EST	Paramount Group, Inc.PGRE	David ZobelEVP, Head of Acquisitions	56,939	—	—	32,627	—	late
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:07 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Peter OppenheimerDirector	3,015	—	—	14,761	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:10 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Jan E TigheDirector	242	—	—	242	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:12 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	David A ViniarDirector	2,512	—	—	15,561	—
Jan 16, 2019 CForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:13 pm EST	Square, Inc.SQ	Jack DorseyPresident, CEO & Chairman, Director, 10% Owner	103,035	—	—	52,746,641	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:15 pm EST	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INCGS	Marius O WinkelmanDirector	2,973	—	—	11,782	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:16 pm EST	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INCGALT	Harold H. ShlevinChief Executive Officer	70,000	—	—	70,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:16 pm EST	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INCGALT	Jack W CallicuttChief Financial Officer	50,000	—	—	50,000	—
Dec 31, 2018 JForm 5 →	Jan 18, 2019, 5:16 pm EST	TELEPHONE & DATA SYSTEMS INC /DE/TDS	Kenneth R MeyersDirector	751	—	—	38,943	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:17 pm EST	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INCGALT	Marc RubinDirector	25,000	—	—	25,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:17 pm EST	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INCGALT	Gilbert F AmelioDirector	35,000	—	—	35,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:18 pm EST	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INCGALT	Kevin D FreemanDirector	40,000	—	—	40,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:18 pm EST	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INCGALT	Gilbert S OmennDirector	35,000	—	—	35,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:19 pm EST	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INCGALT	Stephen ShulmanDirector	25,000	—	—	25,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:19 pm EST	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INCGALT	James C CzirrDirector	25,000	—	—	25,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:20 pm EST	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INCGALT	Kary EldredDirector	25,000	—	—	25,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:20 pm EST	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INCGALT	Joel LewisDirector	35,000	—	—	35,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:20 pm EST	GALECTIN THERAPEUTICS INCGALT	Richard E UihleinDirector, 10% Owner	40,000	—	—	40,000	—
Aug 10, 2018 ADForm 4 →	Jan 18, 2019, 5:24 pm EST	MESA AIR GROUP INCMESA	Spyridon SkiadosDirector	128,582	—	—	33,575	—	late
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:25 pm EST	MESA AIR GROUP INCMESA	Mitchell I GordonDirector	4,883	—	—	28,692	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:25 pm EST	MESA AIR GROUP INCMESA	Giacomo PiccoDirector	4,883	—	—	9,764	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:26 pm EST	TRINET GROUP INCTNET	Burton M. GoldfieldPRESIDENT, CEO and DIRECTOR, Director	5,625	—	—	164,141	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:27 pm EST	MESA AIR GROUP INCMESA	G Grant LyonDirector	4,883	—	—	28,692	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:28 pm EST	Six Flags Entertainment CorpSIX	Brett PetitSenior VP - Marketing	27,750	—	—	5,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:28 pm EST	MESA AIR GROUP INCMESA	Ellen N. ArtistDirector	4,883	—	—	28,692	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:29 pm EST	MESA AIR GROUP INCMESA	Dana J LockhartDirector	4,883	—	—	28,692	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:30 pm EST	MESA AIR GROUP INCMESA	Harvey W SchillerDirector	4,883	—	—	28,692	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:31 pm EST	MESA AIR GROUP INCMESA	Daniel Joseph AltobelloDirector	4,883	—	—	28,692	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:32 pm EST	MESA AIR GROUP INCMESA	Michael L FerverdaCOO	1,751	—	—	20,452	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:32 pm EST	MESA AIR GROUP INCMESA	Spyridon SkiadosDirector	4,883	—	—	28,692	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:36 pm EST	Intersect ENT, Inc.XENT	Teresa L. KlineDirector	3,220	—	—	3,220	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:36 pm EST	Intersect ENT, Inc.XENT	Cynthia L LuccheseDirector	3,220	—	—	3,220	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:36 pm EST	Intersect ENT, Inc.XENT	Frederic H MollDirector	3,220	—	—	3,220	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:37 pm EST	Intersect ENT, Inc.XENT	W Anthony VernonDirector	3,220	—	—	3,220	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:37 pm EST	Intersect ENT, Inc.XENT	Gwen R. CarscaddenChief People Officer	21,000	—	—	21,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:38 pm EST	Intersect ENT, Inc.XENT	Jeryl L HillemanChief Financial Officer	56,000	—	—	56,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:38 pm EST	Intersect ENT, Inc.XENT	Robert H Binney Jr.Chief Commercial Officer	24,500	—	—	24,500	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:38 pm EST	Intersect ENT, Inc.XENT	Lisa D EarnhardtPresident and CEO, Director	157,500	—	—	157,500	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:39 pm EST	Intersect ENT, Inc.XENT	David Aaron LehmanGeneral Counsel	42,000	—	—	42,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:39 pm EST	Intersect ENT, Inc.XENT	Susan P StimsonChief Strategy Officer	24,500	—	—	24,500	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 5:51 pm EST	GAP INCGPS	Teri List-StollEVP CFO	25,000	—	—	175,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:00 pm EST	TETRAPHASE PHARMACEUTICALS INCTTPH	Jacques DumasChief ScientificOfficer	180,000	—	—	140,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:01 pm EST	TETRAPHASE PHARMACEUTICALS INCTTPH	Larry G. EdwardsChief Operating Officer	195,000	—	—	150,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:03 pm EST	TETRAPHASE PHARMACEUTICALS INCTTPH	Guy MacdonaldPresident and Chief Executive, Director	400,000	—	—	300,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:04 pm EST	S&W Seed CoSANW	Consuelo E. MadereDirector	11,986	—	—	11,986	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:04 pm EST	TETRAPHASE PHARMACEUTICALS INCTTPH	Maria D StahlSVP and General Counsel	180,000	—	—	140,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:05 pm EST	TETRAPHASE PHARMACEUTICALS INCTTPH	Larry TsaiChief Medical Officer	180,000	—	—	140,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:05 pm EST	LPL Financial Holdings Inc.LPLA	Dan H. ArnoldPresident & CEO, Director	36,774	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:05 pm EST	BIODELIVERY SCIENCES INTERNATIONAL INCBDSI	Mary Theresa CoelhoSee Remarks	162,109	—	—	107,109	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:06 pm EST	TETRAPHASE PHARMACEUTICALS INCTTPH	Christopher WattSVP, Finance	80,000	—	—	80,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:08 pm EST	Axalta Coating Systems Ltd.AXTA	Charles W ShaverDirector	126,862	—	—	152,287	—
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 6:21 pm EST	INTER PARFUMS INCIPAR	Pelayo Frederic GarciaDirExprt InterparfumsSA	3,393	—	—	0	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:00 pm EST	INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.ICPT	Lisa BrightPresident, International	5,300	—	—	5,300	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:00 pm EST	Vivint Solar, Inc.VSLR	David BywaterChief Executive Officer, Director	929,368	—	—	929,368	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:00 pm EST	INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.ICPT	Gail CawkwellSVP, Med Affairs, Safety & PV	6,700	—	—	6,700	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:01 pm EST	INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.ICPT	Jerome Benedict DursoChief Operating Officer	15,200	—	—	15,200	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:02 pm EST	INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.ICPT	David A FordChief Human Resources Officer	6,100	—	—	6,100	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:03 pm EST	INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.ICPT	Sandip KapadiaCFO and Treasurer	7,200	—	—	7,200	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:03 pm EST	INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.ICPT	Mark PruzanskiPresident & CEO, Director	13,700	—	—	13,700	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:04 pm EST	INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.ICPT	David ShapiroChief Medical Officer	5,300	—	—	5,300	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:04 pm EST	INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.ICPT	Ryan T SullivanGeneral Counsel and Secretary	10,700	—	—	10,700	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:04 pm EST	INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.ICPT	Christian WeyerEVP, Research & Development	6,800	—	—	6,800	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:05 pm EST	INTERCEPT PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.ICPT	Richard J KimPresident US Comm & Strat Mktg	6,400	—	—	6,400	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:36 pm EST	KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.KTOS	Phillip D CarraiPresident, TTS Division	30,000	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:46 pm EST	KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.KTOS	David M CarterPresident, DRSS Division	20,000	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 7:59 pm EST	KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.KTOS	Deanna H LundEVP & CFO	50,000	—	—	0	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 8:00 pm EST	UNIVERSAL INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC.UVE	Joel WilentzDirector	20,000	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 8:11 pm EST	KRATOS DEFENSE & SECURITY SOLUTIONS, INC.KTOS	Thomas E Mills IVPresident, MS Division	10,000	—	—	0	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 8:16 pm EST	EXELIXIS, INC.EXEL	Michael MorrisseyPresident and CEO, Director	40,000	—	—	322,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 8:44 pm EST	AIRGAIN INCAIRG	James K SimsInterim CEO, Director, 10% Owner	50,000	—	—	50,000	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 8:46 pm EST	AIRGAIN INCAIRG	Jacob SuenPresident	87,500	—	—	87,500	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 8:47 pm EST	AIRGAIN INCAIRG	Anil DoradlaChief Financial Officer	37,500	—	—	37,500	—
Jan 16, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 18, 8:56 pm EST	AIRGAIN INCAIRG	Kevin ThillSr. VP, Engineering	25,000	—	—	25,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 8:58 pm EST	Editas Medicine, Inc.EDIT	Vickesh MyerChief Technology Officer	7,000	—	—	52,897	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 9:00 pm EST	PHIBRO ANIMAL HEALTH CORPPAHC	Daniel M BendheimExec. VP, Corporate Strategy, Director	7,500	—	—	17,280	—
Jan 16, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 18, 9:22 pm EST	Tesla, Inc.TSLA	Antonio J. GraciasDirector	14,400	—	—	0	—
Dec 13, 2018 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2019, 6:01 am EST	Switch, Inc.SWCH	Erin Thomas MortonPresident and General Counsel, 10% Owner	429,276	—	—	429,276	—	late
Jan 20, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 7:52 am EST	APPLIED INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGIES INCAIT	Green Edith KellyDirector	4,792	—	—	0	—
Jan 20, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 7:53 am EST	APPLIED INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGIES INCAIT	Jerry Sue ThorntonDirector	4,792	—	—	0	—
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 7:55 am EST	TELEPHONE & DATA SYSTEMS INC /DE/TDS	Leroy T Carlson Jr.President and CEO, Director	250,000	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 8:14 am EST	PERMA FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES INCPESI	Ben NaccaratoChief Financial Officer	15,000	—	—	15,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 8:22 am EST	PERMA FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES INCPESI	Louis F CentofantiEVP of Strategic Initiatives, Director	15,000	—	—	15,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 ADForm 4 →	Jan 22, 8:28 am EST	SYSTEMAX INCSYX	Manoj ShettySenior VP & Chief Info Officer	114,250	—	—	24,250	—
Jan 17, 2019 ADForm 4 →	Jan 22, 8:31 am EST	SYSTEMAX INCSYX	Thomas AxmacherVP & Controller	19,255	—	—	9,255	—
Jan 17, 2019 ADForm 4 →	Jan 22, 8:34 am EST	SYSTEMAX INCSYX	Eric LernerSenior VP & General Counsel	68,007	—	—	30,507	—
Jan 17, 2019 ADForm 4 →	Jan 22, 8:45 am EST	SYSTEMAX INCSYX	Robert DooleyPresident, Industrial Prod GRP	197,485	—	—	31,789	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 8:48 am EST	HARTE HANKS INCHHS	Timothy E. BreenCEO, Director	236,594	—	—	236,594	—
Jan 17, 2019 ADForm 4 →	Jan 22, 8:48 am EST	SYSTEMAX INCSYX	Thomas Eugene ClarkVice President & CFO	114,948	—	—	24,948	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 8:50 am EST	HARTE HANKS INCHHS	Andrew P HarrisonPresident and COO	113,565	—	—	113,565	—
Dec 13, 2018 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2019, 9:04 am EST	Switch, Inc.SWCH	Gabriel NachtChief Financial Officer	353,667	—	—	353,667	—	late
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:18 am EST	ADT Inc.ADT	Andrew AfrickDirector	14,212	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:20 am EST	OLIN CORPOLN	Todd A SlaterVP & CFO	16,250	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:54 am EST	TOLL BROTHERS INCTOL	Edward G BoehneDirector	2,108	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:55 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Lawrence M AllevaDirector	86,689	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:55 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	James O ArmitageDirector	70,261	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:55 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Grant C. BogleSr. VP, Chief Commercial Ofc	172,865	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:56 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Earl M Collier Jr.Director	70,261	—	—	0	—
Nov 27, 2018 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2019, 9:56 am EST	MSC INDUSTRIAL DIRECT CO INCMSM	Louise K GoeserDirector	13	—	—	50	—	late
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:56 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Gregory F CovinoSVP, CAO, PAO	48,208	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:56 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Joseph L FarmerSr VP, Gen Counsel & Secretary	185,365	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:56 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Mary Lynne HedleyPresident & COO, Director	1,241,541	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:57 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Martin H. Huber Jr.SVP & Chief Medical Officer	197,898	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:57 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Leon O Moulder Jr.Chief Executive Officer, Director	1,447,853	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:57 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Garry A NicholsonDirector	60,261	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:57 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Orlando OliveiraSVP & GM, International	94,375	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:58 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Kavita PatelDirector	47,261	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:58 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Timothy R PearsonExec. VP, CFO	289,115	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 9:58 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	Pascale WitzDirector	22,325	—	—	0	—
Nov 27, 2018 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2019, 9:59 am EST	MSC INDUSTRIAL DIRECT CO INCMSM	Denis F KellyDirector	13	—	—	50	—	late
Nov 27, 2018 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2019, 10:02 am EST	MSC INDUSTRIAL DIRECT CO INCMSM	Gregory PolliSVP, PRODUCT MANAGEMENT	42	—	—	218	—	late
Jan 22, 2019 DForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:06 am EST	TESARO, Inc.TSRO	David M MottDirector, 10% Owner	65,342	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:10 am EST	TOLL BROTHERS INCTOL	Richard J BraemerDirector	1,792	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:16 am EST	TOLL BROTHERS INCTOL	Carl B MarbachDirector	2,214	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:28 am EST	TOLL BROTHERS INCTOL	John A McLeanDirector	1,230	—	—	0	—
Jan 22, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:36 am EST	TOLL BROTHERS INCTOL	Stephen A NovickDirector	2,108	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:42 am EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	D Geoffrey ArmstrongDirector	2,500	—	—	29,375	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:44 am EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	Timothy C BuschSee Remarks	12,500	—	—	125,000	—
Jan 22, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:45 am EST	TOLL BROTHERS INCTOL	Paul E ShapiroDirector	2,108	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:45 am EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	Thomas CarterEVP, Chief Financial Officer	12,500	—	—	235,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:46 am EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	Jay M. GrossmanDirector	2,500	—	—	24,375	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:47 am EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	Brian JonesSee Remarks	6,250	—	—	102,500	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:50 am EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	Charles Thomas McMillenDirector	2,500	—	—	14,375	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:52 am EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	Lisbeth McNabbDirector	2,500	—	—	19,375	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:53 am EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	Dennis MillerDirector	2,500	—	—	14,375	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:54 am EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	Martin PompadurDirector	2,500	—	—	25,375	—
Jan 22, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:55 am EST	TOLL BROTHERS INCTOL	Christine GarveyDirector	1,898	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 10:55 am EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	Elizabeth RyderEVP General Counsel	2,500	—	—	32,000	—
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 11:13 am EST	II-VI INCIIVI	David G WagnerVP, Human Resources	2,317	—	—	0	—
Jan 17, 2019 GForm 4 →	Jan 22, 11:37 am EST	STEELCASE INCNYSE: SCS	P Craig Welch Jr.Director	2,330	—	—	138,635	—
Jan 15, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 12:48 pm EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	Perry A SookCEO & President, Director	145,834	—	—	1,620,834	—	late
Jan 17, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 12:49 pm EST	NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP, INC.NXST	Perry A SookCEO & President, Director	50,000	—	—	1,570,834	—
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 12:53 pm EST	HESKA CORPHSKA	Jason A NapolitanoCOO, Chief Strategist and Sec.	14,250	—	—	2,995	—
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:08 pm EST	Orbital Tracking Corp.TRKK	Jenna FosterOther	137,500	—	—	85,417	—
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:14 pm EST	Orbital Tracking Corp.TRKK	David PhippsCEO and Chairman	325,000	—	—	137,500	—
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:17 pm EST	Orbital Tracking Corp.TRKK	James PhippsOther	137,500	—	—	85,417	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:38 pm EST	INTUIT INCINTU	Deborah LiuDirector	1,215	—	—	1,215	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:43 pm EST	INTUIT INCINTU	Johnson Suzanne M NoraDirector	1,215	—	—	1,215	—
Jan 18, 2019 MForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:45 pm EST	BRADY CORPBRC	Thomas J FelmerSRVP & Pres., Workplace Safety	31,667	—	—	20,000	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:49 pm EST	INTUIT INCINTU	Dennis D PowellDirector	1,215	—	—	1,215	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:53 pm EST	INTUIT INCINTU	Raul VazquezDirector	1,215	—	—	1,215	—
Jan 18, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 1:55 pm EST	INTUIT INCINTU	Jeff WeinerDirector	1,215	—	—	1,215	—
Jan 17, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2:29 pm EST	PERMA FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES INCPESI	Mark DuffPresident and CEO	25,000	—	—	25,000	—
Jan 18, 2019 XForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2:30 pm EST	AMERICAN RIVER BANKSHARESAMRB	Michael A ZieglerDirector	2,785	—	—	0	—
May 18, 2018 AForm 4/A →	Jan 22, 2019, 2:32 pm EST	Macy's, Inc.M	Francis S BlakeDirector	4,564	—	—	4,564	—
May 18, 2018 AForm 4/A →	Jan 22, 2019, 2:47 pm EST	Macy's, Inc.M	John A BryantDirector	4,564	—	—	4,564	—
Jan 20, 2019 AForm 4 →	Jan 22, 2:59 pm EST	National American University Holdings, Inc.NAUH	James P. KillinCOO	40,000	—	—	40,000	—
May 18, 2018 AForm 4/A →	Jan 22, 2019, 2:59 pm EST	Macy's, Inc.M	Deirdre P ConnellyDirector	4,564	—	—	4,564	—
May 18, 2018 AForm 4/A →	Jan 22, 2019, 3:07 pm EST	Macy's, Inc.M	Leslie D. HaleDirector	4,564	—	—	4,564	—
Jan 18, 2019 CForm 4 →	Jan 22, 3:09 pm EST	MARCUS CORPMCS	Diane M GershowitzDirector	200,000	—	—	2,632,148	—
May 18, 2018 AForm 4/A →	Jan 22, 2019, 3:15 pm EST	Macy's, Inc.M	William H LenehanDirector	4,564	—	—	4,564	—
May 18, 2018 AForm 4/A →	Jan 22, 2019, 3:24 pm EST	Macy's, Inc.M	Sara LevinsonDirector	4,564	—	—	4,564	—
May 18, 2018 AForm 4/A →	Jan 22, 2019, 3:35 pm EST	Macy's, Inc.M	Joyce M RocheDirector	4,564	—	—	4,564	—
May 18, 2018 AForm 4/A →	Jan 22, 2019, 3:45 pm EST	Macy's, Inc.M	Paul C VargaDirector	4,564	—	—	4,564	—
May 18, 2018 AForm 4/A →	Jan 22, 2019, 3:52 pm EST	Macy's, Inc.M	Marna C WhittingtonDirector	4,564	—	—	4,564	—

A trading day runs to 4:00 pm ET; filings accepted later appear on the next trading day. Rows aggregate a filing’s matching transaction lines — see the methodology for the exact roll-up rules.