Form4insider filings, from the source

Daily feed · SEC Form 4 filings

All insider purchases — Sep 19, 2018

Every open-market insider purchase (transaction code P, price above zero) reported to the SEC, bucketed by trading day.

108 filings · trading day Sep 19, 2018Download CSVQuotes for these symbols ↗
TradeReported (ET)CompanyInsiderSharesAvg priceTotalOwned afterΔ stakeFlags
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:02 pm EDTFirsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.SVVCKevin M LandisPresident, Director1,600$153,083.00$244,932,80046,983+3.53% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 8:31 pm EDTRunway Growth Credit Fund Inc.no symbolOCM Growth Holdings LLC +7Director, 10% Owner1,006,899$15.02$15,123,6195,495,268+22.4% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 7:48 pm EDTMacquarie Infrastructure CorpMICMACQUARIE GROUP LTD +110% Owner149,812$46.56$6,975,07812,154,829+1.25% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 5:42 pm EDTRunway Growth Credit Fund Inc.no symbolClinic Carilion10% Owner181,530$15.02$2,726,577990,720+22.4% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 5:44 pm EDTRunway Growth Credit Fund Inc.no symbolPlan of Carilion Clinic Retirement10% Owner181,530$15.02$2,726,577990,720+22.4% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:10 pm EDTGOLUB CAPITAL INVESTMENT Corpno symbolLawrence E GolubChairman, Director, 10% Owner55,815$15.00$837,2321,711,868+3.37% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:12 pm EDTGOLUB CAPITAL INVESTMENT Corpno symbolDavid GolubPresident and CEO, Director, 10% Owner55,815$15.00$837,2321,711,868+3.37% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:31 pm EDTNGL Energy Partners LPNGLJohn T RaymondDirector50,000$11.04$551,92050,000— plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:35 pm EDTAgroFresh Solutions, Inc.AGFSDowDuPont Inc. +110% Owner80,129$6.46$517,63319,506,711+0.41% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:02 pm EDTFVCBankcorp, Inc.FVCBPhillip R. Wills IIIDirector25,000$20.00$500,00083,593+42.7% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 9:15 am EDTPOLARITYTE, INC.PTEPaul Elliot MannChief Financial Officer20,000$17.24$344,716120,000+20.0% plan?
Sep 6, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 5:11 pm EDTKeurig Dr Pepper Inc.KDPBrian Andrew LoucksPresident Keurig Appliances13,050$22.86$298,31574,463+21.2% plan? late
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:25 pm EDTFVCBankcorp, Inc.FVCBScott LaughlinDirector13,500$20.00$270,00078,313+20.8% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 7:00 pm EDTNational Storage Affiliates TrustNSAChad LeRoy MeisingerDirector10,000$26.80$268,00040,750+32.5% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 9:18 pm EDTEvolus, Inc.EOLSMichael M. JafarChief Marketing Officer12,800$20.83$266,59163,000+25.5% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:50 pm EDTLEGACY RESERVES LPLGCYBaines Creek Capital, LLC10% Owner51,991$4.94$256,83615,233,326+0.34% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:15 pm EDTPOLARITYTE, INC.PTERainer M ErdtmannDirector6,680$17.42$116,36661,846+12.1% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:18 pm EDTEDGEWATER TECHNOLOGY INC/DE/EDGWJeffrey L RutherfordInterim President/Interim CEO, Director20,000$5.07$101,40070,000+40.0% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:12 pm EDTFVCBankcorp, Inc.FVCBSteven M WiltseDirector5,000$20.00$100,00011,250+80.0% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:22 pm EDTWeatherford International plcWFTAngela A MinasDirector40,000$2.45$98,000102,711+63.8% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 6:51 pm EDTVeritone, Inc.VERIG Louis Graziadio IIIDirector9,000$10.37$93,32614,700+158% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:07 pm EDTE.W. SCRIPPS CoSSPCharles E Scripps10% Owner5,000$16.31$81,572678,824+0.74% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:08 pm EDTFVCBankcorp, Inc.FVCBThomas L PattersonDirector3,750$20.00$75,00013,451+38.7% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:07 pm EDTORAGENICS INCOGENKOSKI FAMILY LP +410% Owner169,050$0.4184$70,727277,839+155% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 6:04 pm EDTMARCHEX INCMCHXEdenbrook Capital, LLC +210% Owner25,359$2.72$68,9043,698,759+0.69% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 8:22 pm EDTSilvercrest Asset Management Group Inc.SAMGBrian D DunnDirector4,000$15.20$60,8029,000+80.0% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 5:59 pm EDTRunway Growth Credit Fund Inc.no symbolGary KovacsDirector3,631$15.02$54,53119,814+22.4% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:27 pm EDTVerrica Pharmaceuticals Inc.VRCALinda PalczukChief Operating Officer2,500$16.52$41,3005,500+83.3% plan?
Aug 17, 2018 PForm 4/A →Sep 19, 2:19 pm EDTRITTER PHARMACEUTICALS INCRTTRMatthew W FoehrDirector19,751$2.04$40,29223,251+564% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:47 pm EDTSYNALLOY CORPSYNLCraig C BramCEO & President, Director1,800$22.27$40,08614,409+14.3% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:08 pm EDTTOWN SPORTS INTERNATIONAL HOLDINGS INCCLUBPatrick Walsh +3Chief Executive Officer, Director, 10% Owner4,301$8.80$37,8491,507,749+0.29% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4/A →Sep 18, 9:30 pm EDTSelect Interior Concepts, Inc.SICTyrone JohnsonChief Executive Officer, Director3,020$11.63$35,118107,988+2.88% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 6:07 pm EDTFREQUENCY ELECTRONICS INCFEIMEdenbrook Capital, LLC +2Director, 10% Owner3,597$9.40$33,8031,162,448+0.31% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:24 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYAlfred M Et Al RankinChairman, Director418$64.99$27,1663,447+13.8% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:29 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYVictoire G RankinOther418$64.99$27,1663,447+13.8% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:06 pm EDTE.W. SCRIPPS CoSSPAnthony S. Granado10% Owner1,465$16.31$23,8981,465— plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 8:35 pm EDTOaktree Strategic Income CorpOCSIRichard RubenDirector2,667$8.50$22,66030,667+9.53% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:20 pm EDTFREQUENCY ELECTRONICS INCFEIMRussell M SarachekDirector2,300$9.25$21,275403,647+0.57% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:17 pm EDTFVCBankcorp, Inc.FVCBJennifer L DeaconEVP, Chief Financial Officer1,000$20.00$20,0002,875+53.3% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 6:12 pm EDTaTYR PHARMA INCLIFEJill Marie BroadfootChief Financial Officer26,000$0.7329$19,05526,000— plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 9:50 pm EDTBIOANALYTICAL SYSTEMS INCBASIPeter Kissinger +110% Owner10,000$1.74$17,3821,033,457+0.98% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 5:40 pm EDTRunway Growth Credit Fund Inc.no symbolThomas B. RatermanCFO, Treasurer and Secretary1,089$15.02$16,359726— plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 5:42 pm EDTRunway Growth Credit Fund Inc.no symbolJulie PersilyDirector1,089$15.02$16,3595,944+22.4% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 5:43 pm EDTRunway Growth Credit Fund Inc.no symbolLewis SolimeneDirector1,089$15.02$16,3595,944+22.4% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:14 pm EDTGOLUB CAPITAL INVESTMENT Corpno symbolWilliam M Webster IVDirector1,084$15.00$16,25333,232+3.37% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:11 pm EDTDSP GROUP INC /DE/DSPGCynthia PaulDirector1,096$11.55$12,65940,000+2.82% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 8:59 am EDTCUI Global, Inc.CUIWilliam J CloughCEO and President, Director5,000$2.34$11,68782,666+6.44% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 10:12 am EDTCIVISTA BANCSHARES, INC.CIVBCharles A. ParcherSenior Vice President500$22.93$11,4641,250+66.7% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 5:39 pm EDTRunway Growth Credit Fund Inc.no symbolR David SprengPresident and CEO, Director726$15.02$10,906726— plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 11:47 am EDTITUS CorpITUSMichael CatelaniCOO & CFO2,250$4.45$10,0132,250— plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:21 pm EDTFVCBankcorp, Inc.FVCBPatricia A FerrickPresident, Director500$20.00$10,00035,938+1.41% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 1:56 pm EDTGLADSTONE COMMERCIAL CORPGOODRobert G CutlipPresident500$19.32$9,66045,600+1.11% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:30 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYClara L T RankinOther133$64.99$8,6441,142+13.2% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:30 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYTrust dated 1/1/1977, PNC Bank & Alfred M. Rankin, Jr. as Co-Trustees & Clara L.T. Rankin, fbo Clara L.T. RankinOther133$64.99$8,6441,142+13.2% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 9:15 am EDTPOLARITYTE, INC.PTEEdward Winslow SwansonChief Operating Officer500$17.27$8,6331,689+42.1% plan?
Sep 19, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 3:31 pm EDTHV Bancorp, Inc.HVBCRobert Joseph MarinoDirector442$15.48$6,84426,763+1.68% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 12:32 pm EDTBCB BANCORP INCBCBPRobert BallanceDirector400$14.40$5,760103,089+0.39% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:26 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYBruce T RankinOther83$64.99$5,3943,447+2.47% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:27 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYTrust dated 9/28/2000 between Alfred M. Rankin, Jr., as Trustee & Bruce T. Rankin, for the benefit of Bruce T. RankinOther83$64.99$5,3943,447+2.47% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 6:08 pm EDTUNIVERSAL TECHNICAL INSTITUTE INCUTIKimberly J McWatersPresident and CEO, Director1,858$2.72$5,054705,686+0.26% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:09 pm EDTBIOANALYTICAL SYSTEMS INCBASIR Matthew NeffDirector2,500$1.66$4,15015,000+20.0% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:23 pm EDTAvangrid, Inc.AGRJohn E. BaldacciDirector75$49.77$3,733350+27.3% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:30 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYThomas T RankinOther54$64.99$3,509146,576+0.04% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:31 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYCorbin RankinOther54$64.99$3,509146,576+0.04% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 3:20 pm EDTVystar Corpno symbolKeith D. OsbornDirector, 10% Owner197,500$0.0173$3,4203,830,612+5.44% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:25 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYAlison A RankinOther51$64.99$3,3143,695+1.40% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:31 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYRoger F RankinOther51$64.99$3,3143,695+1.40% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:13 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYJohn C Butler Jr.Other42$64.99$2,73081,784+0.05% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:14 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYHelen Rankin ButlerOther42$64.99$2,73081,784+0.05% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:15 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYDavid B WilliamsOther42$64.99$2,73081,784+0.05% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:19 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYClara R WilliamsOther42$64.99$2,73081,784+0.05% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:03 pm EDTFIRST DATA CORPFDCJames E NevelsDirector94$26.52$2,49329,015+0.33% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:28 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYChloe O RankinOther36$64.99$2,34010,975+0.33% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:29 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYClaiborne R RankinDirector36$64.99$2,34010,975+0.33% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 10:48 am EDTMONMOUTH REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT CORPMNRMichael P LandyPresident and CEO, Director122$16.39$2,000380,557+0.03% plan?
Mar 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 3:55 pm EDTPetVivo Holdings, Inc.PETVDavid Don DemingDirector1,000$1.81$1,8101,000— plan? late
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 6:55 pm EDTDPW Holdings, Inc.DPWAult & Company, Inc.See Remark, Director3,500$0.43$1,50592,900+3.91% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 7:49 pm EDTBioCardia, Inc.BCDAPeter AltmanPresident and CEO, Director700$1.59$1,110712,642+0.10% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:49 pm EDTAMERICAN INTERNATIONAL VENTURES INC /DE/AIVNJack WagentiCFO, Secretary, Director, 10% Owner35,000$0.01$35013,561,027+0.26% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:36 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYLynne T RankinOther4$64.99$260140+2.94% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:36 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYJames T RankinOther4$64.99$260140+2.94% plan?
Sep 18, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 11:09 am EDTCENTURY BANCORP INCCNBKAPaul A EvangelistaExecutive Vice President3$71.50$1975,842+0.05% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:25 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYScott W SeelbachOther3$64.99$195140+2.19% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:26 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYChloe R SeelbachOther3$64.99$195140+2.19% plan?
Sep 14, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 1:51 pm EDTNANOPHASE TECHNOLOGIES CorpNANXR Janet WhitmoreDirector200$0.77$1541,284,152+0.02% plan? late
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:18 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYJacob A KuipersOther2$64.99$130140+1.45% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:19 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYJulia L RankinOther2$64.99$130140+1.45% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:32 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMatthew M RankinOther2$64.99$130140+1.45% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:33 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYElizabeth B RankinOther2$64.99$130140+1.45% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 18, 4:50 pm EDTRETRACTABLE TECHNOLOGIES INCRVPThomas J ShawPresident and CEO, Director, 10% Owner168$0.682$11513,677,482+0.00% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:16 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYEvelyn R KuipersOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:17 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HY2013 Trust fbo Evelyn R. KuipersOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:19 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMatilda Alan KuipersOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:21 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYChloe R. Seelbach, Trustee under Claiborne Rankin Trust for Children of Chloe R. Seelbach DTD 12/21/04 FBO Thomas Wilson SeelbachOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:21 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYTrust for Children of Julia Kuipers fbo Matilda Alan KuipersOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:21 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYThomas Wilson SeelbachOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:22 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYChloe R. Seelbach, Trustee UAD 2/2/05 The Taplin Elizabeth Seelbach TrustOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:22 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYJames T. Rankin Jr.Other1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:23 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYTaplin E SeelbachOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:24 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYChloe R. Seelbach, Trustee under Claiborne Rankin Trust for Children of Chloe R. Seelbach DTD 12/21/04 FBO Isabelle Scott SeelbachOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:26 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYIsabelle SeelbachOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:27 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMatthew M. Rankin & James T. Rankin Co-Trustees for William Alexander Rankin U/A/D May 10, 2007Other1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:28 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYWilliam A RankinOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:33 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMatthew M Rankin & James T. Rankin Co-Trustees for Mary M. Rankin U/A/D May 10, 2007Other1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:33 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMary M RankinOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:34 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYVested Trust for Margaret Pollard RankinOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:35 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMargaret Pollard RankinOther1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?
Sep 17, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 19, 2:37 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYVested Trust for James T. Rankin, Jr.Other1$64.99$65140+0.72% plan?

A trading day runs to 4:00 pm ET; filings accepted later appear on the next trading day. Rows aggregate a filing’s matching transaction lines — see the methodology for the exact roll-up rules.