Form4insider filings, from the source

Daily feed · SEC Form 4 filings

All insider purchases — Oct 1, 2018

Every open-market insider purchase (transaction code P, price above zero) reported to the SEC, bucketed by trading day.

109 filings · trading day Oct 1, 2018Download CSVQuotes for these symbols ↗
TradeReported (ET)CompanyInsiderSharesAvg priceTotalOwned afterΔ stakeFlags
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 1:47 pm EDTARVINAS INC.ARVNJames E Flynn +710% Owner312,500$16.00$5,000,000411,244+316% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 5:30 pm EDTFARMERS & MERCHANTS BANCORPFMCBKevin SanguinettiDirector2,250$690.00$1,552,5007,282+44.7% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 5:10 pm EDTBarings BDC, Inc.BBDCBARINGS LLC10% Owner75,079$10.02$751,9998,857,581+0.85% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 5:22 pm EDTCHEROKEE INCCHKECove Street Capital, LLC +110% Owner716,904$0.74$530,5092,769,324+34.9% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:38 pm EDTAgroFresh Solutions, Inc.AGFSDowDuPont Inc. +110% Owner75,854$6.60$501,01519,809,080+0.38% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 8:49 am EDTE.W. SCRIPPS CoSSPEaton M Scripps10% Owner22,122$16.45$363,974700,759+3.26% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 2:49 pm EDTAIR T INCAIRTGary S KohlerDirector10,000$33.56$335,60011,852+540% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 8:56 pm EDTNEOGEN CORPNEOGJohn Edward AdentPresident & CEO4,300$73.58$316,3944,300— plan?
Mar 2, 2018 PForm 4/A →Sep 28, 4:36 pm EDTLINDBLAD EXPEDITIONS HOLDINGS, INC.LINDMark EinDirector, 10% Owner30,000$9.26$277,92551,958+137% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4/A →Sep 28, 4:01 pm EDTCapital Bancorp IncCBNKRandall James LevittDirector15,000$12.50$187,50015,000— plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 2:43 pm EDTGolub Capital BDC 3, Inc.no symbolOhio Strs10% Owner11,713$15.00$175,6951,731,368+0.68% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 3:53 pm EDTPRGX GLOBAL, INC.PRGXHEADLANDS STRATEGIC OPPORTUNITIES FUND, LP (THE PARTNERSHIP) +310% Owner13,959$8.56$119,4892,949,685+0.48% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 2:41 pm EDTMEXICO FUND INCMXFAlberto OsorioPresident and CEO, Director7,000$16.29$114,03055,519+14.4% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:40 pm EDTBarings BDC, Inc.BBDCMichael FrenoDirector10,000$10.01$100,12710,000— plan?
Sep 4, 2018 PForm 4/A →Oct 1, 10:54 am EDTCPG Carlyle Commitments Fund, LLCno symbolSeth L PearlsteinChief Compliance Officer3,654$27.37$100,0003,654— plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:00 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYTrust dated 1/1/1977, PNC Bank & Alfred M. Rankin, Jr. as Co-Trustees & Clara L.T. Rankin, fbo Clara L.T. RankinOther1,280$62.85$80,4485,568+29.9% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 6:03 am EDTAmerican Finance Trust, IncAFINLisa KabnickDirector5,000$15.07$75,35935,305+16.5% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 6:03 am EDTAmerican Finance Trust, IncAFINEdward M Weil Jr.CEO and President, Director4,986$15.08$75,19264,549+8.37% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 5:19 pm EDTFARMERS & MERCHANTS BANCORPFMCBJay J ColombiniExecutive Vice President100$690.00$69,0003,826+2.68% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 5:17 pm EDTLandmark Infrastructure Partners LPLMRKArthur P Brazy Jr.SEE REMARKS, Director4,550$13.95$63,473130,852+3.60% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:16 pm EDTNewgioco Group, Inc.NWGIHarold WolkinDirector105,000$0.5449$57,215205,000+105% plan?
Sep 25, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 6:40 pm EDTMMA CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLCMMACJames Christopher HuntDirector2,000$26.36$52,72411,500+21.1% plan? late
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 8:34 pm EDTNEOGEN CORPNEOGJames P TobinDirector500$73.37$36,6854,766+11.7% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:29 pm EDTStock Yards Bancorp, Inc.SYBTPaul J Bickel IIIDirector1,000$36.00$36,0006,725+17.5% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 5:01 pm EDTFARMERS & MERCHANTS BANCORPFMCBTerrence A YoungDirector50$690.00$34,500215+30.3% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 3:46 pm EDTHOOKER FURNITURE CORPHOFTDonald Lee BooneCo-President HMI1,000$33.90$33,8951,000— plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 12:49 pm EDTGP STRATEGIES CORPGPXMarshall S GellerDirector2,000$16.57$33,140148,254+1.37% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:18 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYThomas T RankinOther498$62.85$31,299144— plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:19 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYCorbin RankinOther498$62.85$31,299144— plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 11:42 am EDTFirsthand Technology Value Fund, Inc.SVVCKevin M LandisPresident, Director1,727$16.62$28,70957,171+3.11% plan?
Sep 25, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 6:40 pm EDTMMA CAPITAL MANAGEMENT, LLCMMACDavid C BjarnasonChief Financial Officer1,000$26.13$26,1317,150+16.3% plan? late
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:08 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYClara R WilliamsOther410$62.85$25,767143— plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:10 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYDavid B WilliamsOther410$62.85$25,767143— plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 9:12 am EDTATLANTIC POWER CORPATGilbert Samuel PalterDirector10,663$2.15$22,925662,281+1.64% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:07 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYClaiborne R RankinDirector363$62.84$22,812144— plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:07 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYChloe O RankinOther363$62.84$22,812144— plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:34 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYRoger F RankinOther336$62.43$20,976143— plan? amended
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:36 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYAlison A RankinOther336$62.43$20,976143— plan? amended
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:33 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYRoger F RankinOther165$63.68$10,507142— plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:35 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYAlison A RankinOther165$63.68$10,507142— plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 1:09 pm EDTAvangrid, Inc.AGRAlan D SolomontDirector209$48.01$10,0343,253+6.87% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:17 pm EDTSEARS HOMETOWN & OUTLET STORES, INC.SHOSWilliam A. PowellCEO and President, Director3,000$3.15$9,45055,000+5.77% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 11:41 am EDTHIGHWATER ETHANOL LLCno symbolBrian D KletscherCEO1$9,200.00$9,20014+7.69% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 11:00 am EDTDNB FINANCIAL CORP /PA/DNBFCharles A MurrayDirector240$36.90$8,85671,617+0.34% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 10:47 am EDTDNB FINANCIAL CORP /PA/DNBFMildred C JoynerDirector205$36.90$7,56519,096+1.09% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 10:39 am EDTDNB FINANCIAL CORP /PA/DNBFPeter Richard BarszDirector203$36.90$7,4911,723+13.4% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 3:19 pm EDTMID PENN BANCORP INCMPBMatthew G De SotoDirector215$29.15$6,26711,388+1.92% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 10:42 am EDTDNB FINANCIAL CORP /PA/DNBFThomas A FillippoDirector167$36.90$6,16246,157+0.36% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 10:50 am EDTDNB FINANCIAL CORP /PA/DNBFGerard F GriesserDirector167$36.90$6,16228,496+0.59% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 1:56 pm EDTMID PENN BANCORP INCMPBJohn E NooneDirector172$29.15$5,014872+24.6% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 2:36 pm EDTMID PENN BANCORP INCMPBRobert C GrubicDirector172$29.15$5,01440,146+0.43% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 3:23 pm EDTMID PENN BANCORP INCMPBRobert J MoiseyDirector154$29.15$4,48913,544+1.15% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 1:37 pm EDTPERMA FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES INCPESILouis F CentofantiEVP of Strategic Initiatives, Director1,000$4.31$4,312155,025+0.65% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 10:56 am EDTDNB FINANCIAL CORP /PA/DNBFJames R. BieryDirector112$36.90$4,13313,986+0.81% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 10:54 am EDTDNB FINANCIAL CORP /PA/DNBFJames H ThorntonDirector93$36.90$3,43230,515+0.31% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 6:50 pm EDTLive Current Media Inc.LIVCAmir VahabzadehDirector78,900$0.04$3,1563,449,953+2.34% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 3:21 pm EDTMID PENN BANCORP INCMPBNoble C Quandel Jr.Director103$29.15$3,00269,795+0.15% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 1:26 pm EDTGENTEX CORPGNTXSteven R DowningPresident and CEO137$18.24$2,49998,043+0.14% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 12:05 pm EDTKINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INCKFSJohn Taylor Maloney FitzgeraldCEO and President, Director743$2.81$2,086901,352+0.08% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 2:16 pm EDTMID PENN BANCORP INCMPBSteven T BoyerDirector69$29.15$2,0114,445+1.58% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 2:41 pm EDTMID PENN BANCORP INCMPBRobert E KlingerDirector69$29.15$2,0115,668+1.23% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 2:45 pm EDTMID PENN BANCORP INCMPBTheodore W MoweryDirector69$29.15$2,0114,836+1.45% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 12:12 pm EDTKINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INCKFSWilliam August Hickey Jr.CFO, EVP and Secretary534$2.81$1,499311,176+0.17% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 12:40 pm EDTALLIANCE CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL INCOME FUNDAKPBulldog Investors, LLC +310% Owner100$13.50$1,350733,555+0.01% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 11:48 am EDTKINGSWAY FINANCIAL SERVICES INCKFSHassan BaqarVice President356$2.81$1,000157,260+0.23% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 2:38 pm EDTMID PENN BANCORP INCMPBGregory M KerwinDirector34$29.15$99130,116+0.11% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:12 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYJames T RankinOther12$63.21$759143+9.16% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:13 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYLynne T RankinOther12$63.21$759143+9.16% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:09 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYScott W SeelbachOther10$63.21$632143+7.52% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:13 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYChloe R SeelbachOther10$63.21$632143+7.52% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:01 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYJacob A KuipersOther8$63.22$506143+5.93% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:02 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYJulia L RankinOther8$63.22$506143+5.93% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:31 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYElizabeth B RankinOther8$63.22$506143+5.93% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:36 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMatthew M RankinOther8$63.22$506143+5.93% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 2:12 pm EDTMID PENN BANCORP INCMPBRobert A AbelDirector17$29.15$496482+3.66% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:17 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYThomas Parker RankinOther7$62.94$441144+5.11% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 3:19 pm EDTFLUIDIGM CORPFLDMLEVIN CAPITAL STRATEGIES, L.P. +710% Owner52$7.53$39211,296,850+0.00% plan?
Sep 28, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 1:26 pm EDTGENTEX CORPGNTXNeil BoehmChief Technology Officer18$18.24$32834,413+0.05% plan?
Oct 1, 2018 PForm 4 →Oct 1, 11:09 am EDTBAR HARBOR BANKSHARESBHBMatthew L CarasDirector10$28.80$2888,387+0.12% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:03 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYChloe R. Seelbach, Trustee under Claiborne Rankin Trust for Children of Chloe R. Seelbach DTD 12/21/04 FBO Thomas Wilson SeelbachOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:03 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYTrust dated December 21, 2004, between Claiborne R. Rankin, as trustee, & Julia L. Rankin, creating a trust FBO Julia L. RankinOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:04 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMatilda Alan KuipersOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:04 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYThomas Wilson SeelbachOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:05 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYTrust for Children of Julia Kuipers fbo Matilda Alan KuipersOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:05 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYEvelyn R KuipersOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:06 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYChloe R. Seelbach, Trustee UAD 2/2/05 The Taplin Elizabeth Seelbach TrustOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:06 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HY2013 Trust fbo Evelyn R. KuipersOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:07 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYTaplin E SeelbachOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:09 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYHelen Charles WilliamsOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:10 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYChloe R. Seelbach, Trustee under Claiborne Rankin Trust for Children of Chloe R. Seelbach DTD 12/21/04 FBO Isabelle Scott SeelbachOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:10 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYDavid BH Williams, Trustee UAD The Helen Charles Williams 2004 TrustOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:11 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYDavid BH Williams, Trustee UAD The Margo Janison Victoire Williams 2004 TrustOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:11 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYIsabelle SeelbachOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:12 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMargo J.V. WilliamsOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:15 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYAnne Farnham Rankin Trust 8/15/2012Other2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:17 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYA Farnham RankinOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:18 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYElisabeth M RankinOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:20 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYAlison A. Rankin, as trustee fbo Elisabeth M. Rankin under Irrevocable Trust, dated December 18, 1997, with Roger Rankin, GrantorOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:23 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMargaret Pollard RankinOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:24 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYVested Trust for Margaret Pollard RankinOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:26 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYJames T. Rankin Jr.Other2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:28 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYVested Trust for James T. Rankin, Jr.Other2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:32 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMary M RankinOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:34 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMatthew M Rankin & James T. Rankin Co-Trustees for Mary M. Rankin U/A/D May 10, 2007Other2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:37 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYWilliam A RankinOther2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 26, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:38 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYMatthew M. Rankin & James T. Rankin Co-Trustees for William Alexander Rankin U/A/D May 10, 2007Other2$63.22$126143+1.42% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:20 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYClaiborne R Rankin Jr.Other2$62.43$125143+1.42% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:21 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYClaiborne Read Rankin IIIOther2$62.43$125143+1.42% plan?
Sep 27, 2018 PForm 4 →Sep 28, 4:22 pm EDTHYSTER-YALE MATERIALS HANDLING, INC.HYClaiborne Rankin Trust for children of Claiborne Rankin Jr fbo Claiborne Read Rankin IIIOther2$62.43$125143+1.42% plan?

A trading day runs to 4:00 pm ET; filings accepted later appear on the next trading day. Rows aggregate a filing’s matching transaction lines — see the methodology for the exact roll-up rules.