Security	Date	Code	Shares	Price	A/D	Owned after	D/I	Nature of ownership
Common Stock^F1,F2,F3,F6	Nov 29, 2017	S	271,140	$2.12	D	0	I	Indirect
Common Stock^F1,F2,F3,F6	Nov 29, 2017	P	271,140	$2.12	A	271,140	D
Common Stock^F1,F4,F6	Nov 29, 2017	S	5,954	$2.12	D	0	I	Indirect
Common Stock^F1,F4,F6	Nov 29, 2017	P	5,954	$2.12	A	277,094	D
Common Stock^F1,F5,F6	Nov 29, 2017	S	16,416	$2.12	D	0	I	Indirect
Common Stock^F1,F5,F6	Nov 29, 2017	P	16,416	$2.12	A	293,510	D

Table II — derivative securities

No Table II lines on this filing.

Explanation of responses

F1Effective October 7, 2016, the issuer completed a reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding shares of common stock at a ratio of 1-for-10, whereby every 10 shares of its common stock were exchanged for one share of its common stock (the "Reverse Stock Split"). These shares have been adjusted to reflect the Reverse Stock Split.
F2This Form 4 reflects the transfer of shares of common stock by each of (i) Leadiant Biosciences, Inc., formerly Sigma Tau Pharmaceuticals Inc., a Nevada corporation ("LBI"); (ii) Paolo Cavazza; and (iii) Sinaf S.A., a Luxembourg corporation ("Sinaf"), to Essetifin S.p.A., formerly Sigma Tau Finanziaria S.p.A., an Italian corporation ("Essetifin"). Each transaction is reported as a disposition by the respective seller and an acquisition of the same amount of shares by Essetifin. After giving effect to these transactions, Essetifin beneficially owns an aggregate of 293,510 shares of common stock of the issuer.
F3Sold by LBI and purchased by Essetifin pursuant to a purchase agreement by and between Essetifin and LBI. Each of Essetifin and Paolo Cavazza previously reported indirect ownership of such shares due to their respective ownership interests in LBI. Paolo Cavazza continues to have an indirect interest in such shares through his ownership interest in Essetifin. After the purchase of these shares by Essetifin, LBI no longer directly holds common stock of the issuer. LBI directly owns warrants to purchase shares of the issuer's common stock.
F4Sold by Paolo Cavazza and purchased by Essetifin pursuant to a purchase agreement by and between Essetifin and Paolo Cavazza. Paolo Cavazza previously reported direct ownership of such shares and continues to have an indirect interest through his ownership interest in Essetifin.
F5Sold by Sinaf and purchased by Essetifin S.p.A., an Italian corporation ("Essetifin"), pursuant to a purchase agreement by and between Essetifin and Sinaf. Paolo Cavazza previously reported indirect ownership of such shares due to his ownership interests in Sinaf, which is a directly wholly-owned subsidiary of Aptafin S.p.A., which is owned indirectly by Paolo Cavazza and members of his family. Paolo Cavazza continues to have an indirect interest in such shares through his ownership interest in Essetifin.
F6Dispositive power over the shares of common stock owned by Essetifin is shared by Enrico Cavazza, Silvia Cavazza, Francesca Cavazza, Martina Cavazza Preta and Paolo Cavazza. Each of Enrico Cavazza, Silvia Cavazza, Francesca Cavazza, Martina Cavazza Preta and Paolo Cavazza disclaims beneficial ownership of all shares of common stock held by Essetifin except to the extent of any pecuniary interest therein.

Remarks

Exhibit List: Exhibit 24.1 - Power of Attorney; Exhibit 99.1 - Joint Filers' Signatures